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The network consists of a large submarine cable which provides electrical power to the observatory systems, including the oceanographic instruments, and thin fibre optic threads for Ethernet communications. In order to distribute the power and communications, Ocean Networks Canada and OceanWorks have designed and built network hubs called Nodes, much like a USB hub attached to a computer, into which we can plug many oceanographic instruments.
The system is designed to be highly flexible in the total number of instruments that can be connected at any one time. However, the nodes physically have places for multiple wet-mateable connectors, or ports. Each port can in itself support many individual instruments. To optimally utilize the rather expensive wet mateable connectors, Ocean Networks Canada has designed special Science Instrument Interface Modules (SIIMs) and Junction Boxes (JBs) to multiplex many instruments into one data stream.