Collisions between highway vehicles and trains have been, until recently (1996), the greatest source of injuries and fatalities in the railroad industry. The Grade Crossing Action Plan research effort funded by the FRA's Office of Railroad Safety promotes and regulates safety throughout the Nation's railroad industry. Grade crossings may be public or private. Public grade crossings are roadways that are under the jurisdiction of, and maintained by, a public authority. As a part of the larger effort, KYTC partners with the Federal Railroad Administration to inspect and report on safety issues and standards for open, public, at grade railroad crossings.